Clean and peel shrimp if needed, then pat dry and season with salt and pepper.
Cook rice using your preferred method; aim for 1 cup cooked rice per serving.
Whisk together soy sauce, sweet chili sauce, Sriracha, garlic, ginger, and red pepper flakes in a small bowl; set aside.
Prepare spicy mayo by whisking together mayo and Sriracha to desired spiciness; set aside.
Steam shelled edamame and thinly slice the English cucumber and jalapeño; shred carrots if needed.
Heat sesame or avocado oil in a skillet over medium heat; add shrimp and sauce, simmering uncovered and stirring occasionally for 3-4 minutes until shrimp are opaque and cooked through.
Assemble bowls with a base of cooked rice, then layer cucumber, jalapeño, carrots, edamame, and shrimp.
Top with a drizzle of spicy mayo, toasted sesame seeds, sliced green onion, and extra Sriracha if desired.